Austrian Avant-Garde Artist Hermann Nitsch Passes Away at 83

Hermann Nitsch, an Austrian avant-garde artist known among other things for works in which he used blood and animal entrails, has died. He was 83.

Nitsch’s wife, Rita Nitsch, told the Austria Press Agency on Tuesday that Nitsch died at a hospital in the Austrian town of Mistelbach on Monday after a serious illness.

Nitsch, born in Vienna on Aug. 29, 1938, was versatile — with performance art, painting, sculpting and composing among his activities.

He was a co-founder of Viennese Actionism and best known for his Theater of Orgies and Mysteries, conceived as a visceral synthesis of the arts which peaked with a 6-day Play in 1998, featuring 13,000 liters (more than 3,400 gallons) of wine, hundreds of liters of blood, kilogram of grapes and tomatoes, several animal carcasses and musical accompaniment.

His works and performances drew plenty of criticism. After protests against one of his exhibitions, Nitsch said in 2015 that the meat I use is not eaten but used for a theater performance, a higher purpose.

He told German news agency dpa before his 80th birthday that overcoming the revulsion barrier is a task of art.

There are museums dedicated to Nitsch’s work in Mistelbach in northeastern Austria and in Naples, Italy.

Austrian President Alexander Van der Bellen tweeted that Nitsch “redefined” the Austrian art world.

“Austria is mourning a fascinating painter and an impressive person,” he said. “His work will live on; I am certain of that.”